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Mango Tree. Mangifera indica.

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Mango Tree. Mangifera indica.
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Mango Tree.
Mangifera indica, Cashew, Poison Ivy, or Sumac Family ( Anacardiaceae ), Also Called: .

We wish to thank Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia for some of the information on this page. We share images and information with Wikipedia.

The Mango Tree (Mangifera indica) is a species of mango in the Cashew [Anacardiaceae] family. It is found in the wild in India and cultivated varieties have been introduced to other warm regions of the world.

It is said to be the largest fruit-tree in the world, capable of a height of one-hundred feet and an average circumference of twelve to fourteen feet, sometimes reaching twenty Feet. However we are aware of a Cashew Tree that is much larger in width, but not height.

The Mango Tree appears to have been domesticated in India at around 2000 BC. It was introduced to East Asia around 400-500 BCE from India; next. Then in the 15th century it was introduced to the Philippines; and then, in the 16th century to Africa and Brazil by the Portuguese. The species was described for science by Linnaeus in 1753.

The mango is a juicy stone fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera, consisting of numerous tropical fruiting trees, cultivated mostly for edible fruit.

There are two main classes of cultivars: the Indochinese and West Indian.

The Indochinese class is characterized by a flattened, kidney-shaped, somewhat elongated fruit with light green or yellow skin, and little or no red blush color.

The West Indian class of cultivars are more rounded and plump, and generally have a bright red blush to the skin. Many of the so-called �Florida cultivars� are West Indian types selected or bred in Florida, such as the �Haden�, �Tommy Atkins�, �Kent�, & �Keitt�.

Mango trees can grow up to about 115�131 ft tall, with a crown radius of about 33 ft.

Mango trees are long-lived, with some specimens still fruiting after 300 years.

Mango trees grow best In deep soil, the taproot descends to a depth of about 20 ft, with profuse, wide-spreading feeder roots; the tree also sends down many anchor roots, which penetrate several feet of soil.

Flowering is similar to the close relative cashew: both male and perfect flowers are borne in the same inflorescence (polygamous). Individual flowers are 1/4 in across, with crimson petals, often striped longitudinally and reflexed. They are borne terminally on panicles, generally at the beginning of the dry season. Flowering may occur over several weeks.

The ripe fruit varies in size and color. Cultivars are variously yellow, orange, red, or green, and carry a single flat, oblong pit that can be fibrous or hairy on the surface, and which does not separate easily from the pulp.

Ripe, unpeeled mangoes give off a distinctive resinous, sweet smell.

Inside the pit about 0.039�0.079 in thick is a thin lining covering a single seed, about 0.16�0.28 in long. The seed contains the plant embryo. Mangos have recalcitrant seeds; they do not survive freezing and drying.

To plant the seed, we open the pit and then plant the enclosed seed. Some growers, simply plant the pit.


Some gardeners in Arizona have success with this plant. They plant them in areas which receive full sun for most of the day with partial shade the rest of the day. They have to protect them from freezing in the cold weather.


Quick Notes:

Height: Height up to about 131 feet tall with less spread. Most are about 20 feet. Most we have seen were about 15 feet high.

Flowers: both male and perfect flowers are borne in the same inflorescence (polygamous). Individual flowers are 1/4 in across, with crimson petals, often striped longitudinally and reflexed. They are borne terminally on panicles, generally at the beginning of the dry season. Flowering may occur over several weeks.

Flowering Time: January - April.

Leaves: Leaves are lanceolate to linear, (4-16 ft long � 1-2 ft wide), dark green, with prominent light colored veins and entire margins. Emerging leaves on new growth flushes are bronze-red initially, and appear wilted. One or two growth flushes occur per year, with flushes placed sporadically across the canopy of a given tree. Leaves may persist several years.

Fruit: Mangos are large drupes. The large, flattened, kidney-shaped central stone contains one or more large, starchy embryos, and can constitute up to 20% of fruit weight. The skin has a yellow, or green background color, with red, to orange blush in many cultivars, and is thicker than usual for drupaceous fruit. The skin contains irritating oils, particularly in unripe fruit. The flesh is yellow to orange in color, sometimes it is astringent, and fibrous. The fruit ripens in about 80-180 days after bloom


Found: Native to India. Found in most tropical regions of the world. Not a major plant in the USA. Grown in Florida, Hawaii, and some parts of Texas.


Hardiness:
USDA Zone 9a: to -6.6 �C (20 �F)
USDA Zone 9b: to -3.8 �C (25 �F)
USDA Zone 10a: to -1.1 �C (30 �F)
USDA Zone 10b: to 1.7 �C (35 �F)
USDA Zone 11: above 4.5 �C (40 �F)

Soil pH requirements:
5.6 to 6.0 (acidic)
6.1 to 6.5 (mildly acidic)
6.6 to 7.5 (neutral)
7.6 to 7.8 (mildly alkaline)
7.9 to 8.5 (alkaline)

Sun Exposure:
Full Sun

Elevation: Can be normally found from 0 - 243 Feet. Usually at low elevations. We have seen them in Mexico at about 932.5 Feet. We have seen them in Guatemala at about 1702.8 Feet Elevation.

Habitat: Found rarely in some Maricopa County gardens. Provide good draining soil. Do not use heavy soils, that have clay.

Miscellaneous: Not a major plant in Arizona. Does not grow well in Dry Climate, or in Cold Climate. Tree Photos Taken; January 19, 2004. Chiapas, Mexico.

Mango, Mangifera indica.
Growing Along Roadway, Chiapas, Mexico.

Mango Fruit On Tree Along Roadway.

Mango Tree Farm, Chiapas MX.
Mountains Of Guatemala In Far Background.

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Stony Endocarp (Pit).
Surrounding The Seed
Mango Seed.
Mango Flowers.Mango Flowers.
Mango Fruit On Tree.Mango Fruit On Stand.
Mango Fruit On Tree
In Belize.
Mango Fruit On Tree
In Belize.
Mango, Fresh Sliced.Photo: Mangos From Mexico.
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