Cairo is bounded in the west by Jebel Moqattam and in the east by the river Nile. There are three major periods in its' development. The Heliopolis (3100 B.C.), the Memphis (capitol of the Old Kingdom), and the Fort Of Babylon Period. The capture of the Fort Of Babylon in 640 A.D. marked its' beginning as the "Mother Of The World", as well as the establishment of Islam in Egypt. With the Ottoman Conquest in the 16th century, Cairo became one of the providences whose capital was Istanbul and the coffee and spice trade insured Cairo's prosperity. Salah ad-Din began the Citadel between 1116-1207 which became the seat of power. Napoleon conquered Cairo in the Battle Of The Pyramides in 1798 against the Mamluk's who were in control of Egypt and then he returned to France in 1799. Muhammad Ali Pasha came into power and in his way of removing the Mamluk power from Egypt; on March 1, 1811, Muhammad Ali invited all of the leading Mamluks to his palace to celebrate the declaration of war against the Wahhabis in Arabia. Between 600 and 700 Mamluks paraded in Cairo. Near the Al-Azab gates, in a narrow road down from Mukatam Hill, Muhammad Ali's forces ambushed and killed almost all in what came to be known as the Massacre of the Citadel. During the following week, hundreds of Mamluks were killed throughout Egypt; in the citadel of Cairo alone more than 1,000 were killed. Throughout Egypt an estimated 3,000 Mamluks and their relatives were killed. Thus, Muhammad Ali Pasha gained control of Egypt. Muhammad Ali Pasha began the draining of the lakes of El-Ezbekiya and this action marks the beginning of Modern Cairo.
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The Cairo International Airport (IATA: CAI, ICAO: HECA) is the busiest airport in Egypt and is located to the north-east of the city around 15 km from the business area of the city. Cairo International is the second busiest airport in Africa with over 65 airlines using the Cairo airport (including charter airlines) and 9 cargo airlines. With the assimilation of EgyptAir into Star Alliance in July 2008 the airport has the potential to be a major hub with its positioning between Africa, the Middle East and Europe. In 2008, the airport served 14,360,175 passengers and it is one of the top 100 airports in the world. The airport handles both domestic and international flights, and is open 24 hours a day. We suggest flying into Cairo and staying in one of their many fine hotels when touring the Egyptian Musium in Cairo and the ruins in the surrounding areas. We have links on this page that will connect you with flights into Cairo and several of the best hotels in Cairo. After getting a flight and a hotel we suggest asking your hotel concierge to arrange either a car or a tour of Cairo or the Cairo area. If you call their Concierge Services ahead of your arrival, all of this can be pre-arranged for you. We do this all the time, when traveling in Egypt. It is safe and it works!!! We have never experienced a problem, doing it this way! Therefore, we have placed links to Priceline.com on this page so you can arrange your flights into and out of Cairo; as well as your hotel, when visiting this area.
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El-Basha hoch Mausoleum. Contains The Tombs Of The Mamelukes' |
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El-Basha hoch Mausoleum. Contains The Tombs Of The Mamelukes' |
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Stained Glass | Mameluke's That Mohammed Ali Assassinated On His Accession |
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Mameluke Tombs | The Citadel & Mohammed Ali Mosque |
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Mameluke Tombs | George DeLange At The Mohammed Ali Mosque Built In 1830 On Site Of Mamelukes' Palace |
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Audrey DeLange At The Mohammed Ali Mosque | Audrey Inside Mohammed Ali Mosque |
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Left - Sultan Hassan Medersa Right - Ar-Rifa'i Mosque | Qaitibay El-Mohammedi Mosque In Old Cairo |
![]() | 16-Day Ancient Egypt and Jordan tour from Cairo - $1,995.00 Spending time both in Egypt and Jordan this 16 day tour begins in Cairo, explores the sites of the Nile Valley and relaxes by the Red Sea before crossing into Jordan where we drive up the King�s Highway visiting Petra, the Dead Sea and Amman. |
![]() | Full-day Amazing Tour of the Pyramids in Egypt - $150.00 Enjoy your day tour to the famous pyramids in Egypt. Most people thought Egypt has only three pyramids - however Egypt is the land of pyramids. |